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Important documents are listed here for download.
Guide providing information on trade practices relating to exporting coffee – presents an overview of the world coffee trade and markets; deals with international coffee contracts (Europe and United States), logistics, insurance,dispute resolution, futures markets, risk management and hedging, trade financing, and related management issues; covers coffee quality with a special emphasis on quality control aspects; outlines new trends in the coffee trade such as electronic commerce, niche markets, organic certification, fair trade labelling, and other sustainability schemes; highlights climate change and environmental issues relevant to the coffee industry; includes a list of frequently asked questions from coffee producers and the respective answers.
This paper introduces a new set of financial access indicators for 139 countries across the globe and describes the results of a preliminary analysis of this data set. The new data set builds on previous work using a similar methodology. The new data set features broader country coverage and greater disaggregation by type of financial product and by type of institution supplying the product -- commercial banks, specialised state run savings and development banks, banks with mutual ownership structure (such as cooperatives), and microfinance institutions. The authors use the data to conduct a rough estimation of the number of bank accounts in the world (6.2 billion) as well as the number of banked and unbanked individuals. In developed countries, they estimate 3.2 accounts per adult and 81 per cent of adults banked. By contrast, in developing countries, they estimate only 0.9 accounts per adult and 28 per cent banked. In regression analysis, they find that measures of development and physical infrastructure are positively associated with the indicators of deposit account, loan, and branch penetration. Download the report at: http://go.worldbank.org/48KB1V2M10.
The Preliminary Overview of the Economies of Latin America and the Caribbean is an annual publication prepared by the Economic Development Division of the Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (ECLAC). This briefing paper was prepared by Daniel Titelman with inputs provided by the following exerts: Cecilia Vera (global economic trends and external sector), Claudia de Camino (external sector), Ricardo Martner, Michael Hanni and Ivonne González (fiscal policy), Ramón Pineda (economic activity, prices, and monetary, exchange-rate and macroprudential policies), Rodrigo Cárcamo and Alejandra Acevedo (monetary, exchange-rate and macroprudential policies), Claudio Aravena (economic activity), Alda Díaz (prices) and Jürgen Weller (employment and wages). The economic projections were produced by Ramón Pineda, Claudio Aravena, Pablo Carvallo, Alejandra Acevedo,Yusuke Tateno and Matías Rojas with input from the ECLAC subregional headquarters and national offices. Alejandra Acevedo, Alda Díaz and María Zambrano were responsible for the processing and presentation of the statistical data and graphical presentations.
Guide describing trade and industry practices, as well as regulations applying to cocoa - traces customs procedures, systems and techniques used at each stage of teh cocoa supply chain; reviews trends in cocoa manufacturing and processing, electronic commerce, cocoa organic farming, fair trade, sustainable production and environmental issues; also provides list of main sector-related trade and industry associations; appendices contain detailed statistical data and list of relevant Internet websites.
Lessons from six case studies illustrate the complex relationships between international trade, vulnerable ecologies and the poor. The studies, taken from Africa, Asia and Latin America and conducted by local researchers, are set in places where the poor live in close proximity to ecologies that are important to global conservation efforts, and focus on the cascading consequences of trade policy for local livelihoods and environmental services. Collectively, the studies show how under-valued common resources are often poorly protected and consequently subject to shifting economic incentives, including those that arise from trade. The studies provide examples where trade works to accelerate the use of natural resources and to exacerbate unsustainable dependencies by the poor, and other examples where trade has the opposite effect. An important conclusion is that local livelihood and technology choices have important consequences for how environmental resources are used and should be taken into account when designing policies to safeguard fragile ecologies. Download the report at: http://go.worldbank.org/7U4CJJZTY0.
This paper identifies the "outlier sectors" and classifies them by primary source advocating protectionism, and analyses the characteristics of each source.
The private sector has an important role to play in the effective development and implementation of trade facilitation strategies beyond investment alone. Public–private partnerships (PPPs) in trade facilitation are valuable in identifying the needs of government and traders, improving transparency and information flows, and promoting viable and sustainable trade facilitation solutions. Current success stories prove that the focus needs to be on an integrated strategy that does not assume a “one-size-fits-all” approach. In Trade Forum No.4, 2009. To download a copy of the latest issue of Trade Forum visit www.tradeforum.org.
The IFIs have played an increasingly active role in this area but the extent and nature has varied significantly between individual IFIs. Helping to establish and support an ECA in the difficult early days has been recognized as an important role for the IFIs to play. Moreover, gaps in the availability of trade finance and working capital -especially for SMEs- which can exist, can be helped by IFI trade facilitation arrangements of various kinds. this report tries to address some of these issues and, after reviewing what some IFIs have done or are doing, makes some recommendations about where IFIs can most usefully be involved, usually as a catalyst.
This fifth edition of the CBI Export Planner guides you along the relevant checkpoints, identifying those differences - and enabling to decide on actions which may lead to success. Since the best guarantee for success is the way you, as managers of your company, set course by setting objectives, this chapter will describe what goals, resources and tools you have at your disposal.
The 1990s witnessed the parallel forces of globalization and regionalization strongly at work. While seemingly contradictory, they are in fact complementary aspects of market development. This paper will focus on the later, and its special aspects of regionalism; i.e., policy driven cooperation. particular attention will be given to recent advances and challenges in two critical aspects of regionalism: regional trade and financial cooperation. The other important area of concern of the paper is how regional development banks are supporting regional initiatives and identifying emerging issues which they should be preparing to deal with.
This edition of the World Investment Report provides valuable analysis that can inform global discussions on how to accelerate progress toward the Millennium Development Goals and shape a long-range vision for a more sustainable future beyond 2015. The Report reveals an encouraging trend: after a decline in 2012, global foreign direct investment flows rose by 9 per cent in 2013, with growth expected to continue in the years to come. This demonstrates the great potential of international investment, along with other financial resources, to help reach the goals of a post-2015 agenda for sustainable development. Transnational corporations can support this effort by creating decent jobs, generating exports, promoting rights, respecting the environment, encouraging local content, paying fair taxes and transferring capital, technology and business contacts to spur development. This year’s World Investment Report offers a global action plan for galvanizing the role of businesses in achieving future sustainable development goals, and enhancing the private sector’s positive economic, social and environmental impacts. The Report identifies the financing gap, especially in vulnerable economies, assesses the primary sources of funds for bridging the gap, and proposes policy options for the future.
This EU Green Paper is part of a consultation to gather views on issues affecting creative and cultural industries in Europe. It looks at capacity building, skills development and promotion of creators internationally. Download the paper from http://ec.europa.eu/culture/our-policy-development/doc/GreenPaper_creative_industries_en.pdf.
This booklet gives a basic outline of the EPA process, summarises the major elements of the agreement and provide an outline of the process required to ensure implementation.
This paper enviseges partnerships through regotiations that will foster the establishments of strong innovation systems within CARIFORUM and Between CARIFORUM and the EC valuable integration within and between the regions making the anticipated contributoion to future sustainable development is also expected. Click link for article http://ictsd.net/downloads/2008/06/spence_paper2.pdf.
The 2010 Report on Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures (SPS Report) describe significant barriers to U.S. food and farm exports arising from measures that foreign governments apply on the ground that they are necessary to protect human, animal, or plant life or health from risks arising from the entry or spread of pests, from plant]or animal]borne pests or diseases, or from additives, contaminants, toxins, or disease-causing organisms in foods, beverages, or feedstuffs. These measures, known in World Trade Organization (WTO) parlance as sanitary and phytosanitary (SPS) measures, play an increasingly critical role in shaping the flow of global trade. This report is focused on SPS measures that appear to be unscientific, unduly burdensome, discriminatory, or otherwise unwarranted and create significant barriers to U.S. exports. Many of these measures are hard to detect and can present particular challenges for small and medium sized enterprises. The report is available for download at: http://www.sice.oas.org/ctyindex/USA/USTR_Reports/SPS_Report_2010.pdf.
According to this study, the world economy grew at an annualized rate of over 5 per cent during the first quarter of 2010, essentially because of strong growth in Asia. Exports from Latin America and the Caribbean are expected to grow by 21.4 per cent this year. Output and trade in Latin America and the Caribbean have also recovered more quickly than expected. This solid revival is largely based on the dynamism of domestic demand, a pick-up in investment and robust exports driven by demand from China and the rest of Asia, and by the normalization of demand in the United States.
Provides information on the objectives of the Commonwealth. Includes papers which discuss economic issues of interest to comonwealth countries. Covers agriculture, food production and rural development, trade agreements, transport, communications, industrial development and computer and information technology. Includes illustrations and maps(General). Also see http://www.commonwealthministers.com/publications.
The publication assesses the barriers preventing small vulnerable economies (SVEs) from achieving their desired outcomes when negotiating trade agreements. Whether it is the limited human or financial resources, or lack of support from civil society or the private sector, the challenges facing small states are numerous. For further information, visit http://www.thecommonwealth.org/news/34580/34581/229597/140910manoeuvring_at_the_margins.htm.
The White Paper identifies nine guiding principles of world class clusters, as well as three challenges, and makes seven proposals for action. It highlights some of the key features of these clusters, including:
• Close and frequent personal contacts between the senior players in the cluster, covering business, academia, and local politicians;
• Excellence in research and education in the appropriate discipline;
• A tight focus on a specialisation;
• A tight geography … at the most a 30 km radius;
• A technological infrastructure that attracts customers, creative talent
• New start-ups; and
• A cultural / lifestyle infrastructure.
Discusses the development of Caribbean usage since 1992, after 'The Dictionary of Caribbean Usage' was completed. This title comprises about 700 items, including words with senses for usages, acronyms and abbreviations that have emerged out of the ecological and cultural domains of the CARICOM territories, from Guyana to Belize. Hard copy only.
Study looking at export promotion schemes which are consistent with international rules on subsidies, and are most frequently used by developing countries. Examines the rules contained in the WTO Agreement on Subsidies and Countervailing Measures (ASCM), covering manufactured goods; highlights rules in the WTO Agreement on Agriculture (AoA) on subsidies, covering certain primary or agricultural products; outlines tools such as duty drawback, export credits and export guarantees, which are at the disposal of countries wishing to promote exports; presents and analyses examples of schemes in place in selected countries in Asia, Africa and Latin America.
This policy aims to address the issue whether the implementation of commitments under the WTO Agreement on Agriculture enhance or limit the scope th epolicy space that African countries have in addressing food security and sustainable development issues. The analysis also extends to cover potential implication under the agreements related to the Agreement on Agriculture such as the Agreement on the Application of Sanitary and Phytosanitary Meaures, and the Agreement on Technical Barriers to Trade. To address this issue, the paper seeks to answer the following questions: what have been the results of the Uruguay Round from an African perspective; how has the Agreement on Agriculture and otherrelated agreements been implemented and what impact has this had on the scope of the policy mix in terms of food security and sustainable development in the African countries; how may the proposals for current negotiations, if implemented, impact on the food security/sustainable development objectives of African countries?
Business guide focusing on the key features of the services and investment commitments within EC-CARIFORUM Economic Partnership Agreement – part 1 deals with services and investment commitments made by the European Community (EC) granting market access for Caribbean businesses; describes commitments on a sector-by-sector basis, identifying new investment and export opportunities, and the applicable limitations; part 2 outlines trade in services and investment opportunities available, and limitations applicable, to European businesses for each sector in individual Caribbean countries.
This policy brief draws upon the results of the Fourth Ministerial conference of the WTO at Doha Qatar, the relevant sections of the "New African Initiative" (NAI), as well as the OAU Model Legislation, to highlight the relevance for teh African continent of the WTO's agreement on TRIPS. Focuses on the ten main issues of interest and concern for Africa; food security, enhancing Africa's export potential, access to drugs, innovation, technology transfer, FDI, employment, bio diversity, biotechnology and traditional knowledfge, education and enforcement and administrative costs.
Guide to trade remedy procedures (anti-dumping, countervailing and safeguard), with particular reference to trade remedy legislation and practices in Brazil; provides a description of the WTO Agreements related to trade remedies; provides an overview of the procedural aspects of anti-dumping and countervailing investigations in Brazil; outlines elements involved in anti-dumping and countervailing investigations, as established by the Brazilian anti-dumping and subsidies and countervailing measures laws; reviews safeguard measures in Brazil, covering both substantive and procedural aspects; appendices contain overviews of anti-dumping and safeguard investigations; and decrees regulating the administrative procedures regarding the imposition of countervailing and anti-dumping measures; includes bibliography (p. 325).
The purpose of this study is to provide a short overview of policies and procedures used by major multilateral agencies when formulating, implementing and assessing capacity building programmes in the field of trade policy. The objective is not to advocate any specific model of technical co-operation, but rather to pave the way for a much-needed international debate on trade policy related technical assistance (TA) by bringing to bear the experience of other organisations. With this in mind, the paper looks at institutional mechanisms provided by these agencies and presents the opinions of leading experts on capacity-building on the current state of such programmes, as well as future options. The study focuses on the WTO and, to a lesser extent, on other leading multilateral institutions in trade related TA, such as the International Trade Centre (ITC), the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) and the World Bank as well as relevant non-governmental initiatives.
The purpose of this study is to provide a short overview of policies and procedures used by major multilateral agencies when formulating, implementing and assessing capacity building programmes in the field of trade policy. The objective is not to advocate any specific model of technical co-operation, but rather to pave the way for a much-needed international debate on trade policy related technical assistance (TA) by bringing to bear the experience of other organisations. With this in mind, the paper looks at institutional mechanisms provided by these agencies and presents the opinions of leading experts on capacity-building on the current state of such programmes, as well as future options. The study focuses on the WTO and, to a lesser extent, on other leading multilateral institutions in trade related TA, such as the International Trade Centre (ITC), the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) and the World Bank as well as relevant non-governmental initiatives.
The Collins Spanish Dictionary has been revised and updated to cover all the latest vocabulary, making it ideal for intermediate to advanced learners of Spanish. Customers who buy this book get free access to Collins Concise Spanish Dictionary Online. This seventh edition of Collins Spanish Concise Dictionary is designed for students and professionals using Spanish in the course of their work or study. It draws on Collins' unique databases of Spanish and English to ensure that the user has the most complete and accurate picture of real language available today. Hard copy only.
Study presenting a framework for developing modern secured transaction laws with a view to promoting the availability of secured credit to commercial enterprises - outlines the principles for an efficient secured transaction law, and provides a methodology for reforming such laws; describes the key features of a secured transactions legal framework, covering scope, creation of security rights, priority rules, effectiveness against third parties, development of a security right register, priority needs and and enforcement; provides a sample questionnaire which could be used to start a secured transactions law reform project.
Guide dealing with dynamics of the global textiles and clothing supply chain, and why and how garment manufacturing need to develop alternative sourcing and supply management approaches. Review historical background; discusses Chinese advantage in the international garment industry; explains different states involved in material sourcing process; deals with fabric and trim sourcing; discusses politics of trade; inclides case studies; appendices cover preferential access to the EU, summary of United States rules of origin, measures and conversions, and shipping terms/Incoterms; also includes glossary of related terms.
Book containing model forms of the main international commercial contracts that small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) will need in their trade transactions. Provides Model Contracts for key trade activities such as sale of goods, distribution, services, joint ventures, international commercial agencies, long-term supply of goods, alliance or collaboration between parties, and contract manufacture agreement.
Defines the concept of sustainable development and the content of social clauses. Outlines the case for raising labour standards to promote sustainable development. Appraises some of the criticism and potential short-comings of three kinds: institutional constraints with existing instruments for fora. Reviews some additional measures that would complement a social clause in the multilaterial trade regime.
Study dealing with geographical indications (GIs), documenting best practices and drawing lessons from a number of case studies in this area. Explores the development potential for countries wishing to use GIs; outlines the elements of a successful GI strategy, and examines the different mechanisms available for protecting and fostering new GI products and services; includes a glossary of related terms, and bibliographies.
Guide focusing on Internet-based services with regard to small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) – identifies SME issues and constraints related to electronic commerce; explains how to develop an e-commerce strategy and conduct online market research; outlines marketing and online communication techniques; answers questions on legal and financial issues; highlights characteristics of successful websites; deals with technical, policy and country-specific issues; online procurement; describes role of ITC in providing assistance in e-commerce, as well as programmes and services offered by other international bodies; includes bibliographical references.
Collection of case studies showcasing stories of innovative and creative service enterprises, mainly at the micro business level, in the least developed, developing and transition economies. Covers Argentina, El Salvador, Guatemala, Paraguay and Uruguay; Ghana, Kenya, Nigeria and South Africa; Cambodia , Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore, and Viet Nam; China, India, Pakistan and Sri Lanka; highlights how these enterprises created value for their customers through the creation of new services or, by improving the way a service is delivered; explores some of the key themes from the case studies and uses those themes to describe the dynamics and characteristics of the services business.
Guide dealing with the processes involved in obtaining finance for exporting SMEs. Explains the credit process of financial institutions from pre-application to loan repayment; examines the SME sector and barriers to finance, as well as the risks in lending to the SME sector as perceived by financial institutions; addresses SMEs internal assessment of financial needs, determining the right financing instruments, and finding the appropriate lenders and service providers; discusses how to approach and negotiate with banks; tackles cash flow and risk management issues; includes examples of real-life business plans and loan requests; includes bibliography.
Provides the historical background which helped to shape the system of industrial relations; an overview of legal framework; the influence of the International Labour Organisation and international labour standards, and developments and trends in social dialogue and social partnership. Presents a summary of the main body of labour legislation in each of the 21 countries of the English and Dutch-speaking Caribbean.
This report presents data on intra-regional trade for the period 1990-2000 and comprises approximately 164 tables at the level of CARICOM, Member States and additional appendices.
The Caribbean Community (CARICOM), of the one part, and the Dominican Republic, of the other part, (which hereinafter shall be referred to as “the Parties”); CONSIDERING the growing process of economic globalisation and the intensification of the regional and sub-regional economic integration processes in which the Parties are deeply involved, and with the purpose of achieving more adequate integration in these processes and a more significant joint presence at their fora of negotiation; CONSIDERING the urgent need to broaden the markets of the Parties in order to achieve the economies of scale that will support better levels of efficiency, productivity and competitiveness; CONSIDERING that the symmetry and complementarity that exist between the economies of the Parties enable them to achieve levels of co-operation and integration that favour the economic development of both Parties; CONSIDERING the significance accorded by the Parties to the development of closer, more dynamic and balanced trade and investment relations between them, with clear and accurate guidelines that permit full participation of all economic agents; CONSIDERING the importance that the Parties accord to economic co-operation between them for their economic development; CONSIDERING that in order to achieve a balance of rights and obligations within the framework of this Agreement, liberalisation should include trade in goods and services, and investment regimes; CONSIDERING the rights and obligations of Member States of CARICOM and the Dominican Republic as Members of the World Trade Organisation (WTO), and other relevant international agreements as well as those existing among the Member States of CARICOM under the Treaty of Chaguaramas; The Parties agree to create a Free Trade Area that includes Trade in Goods and Services, Investment and Economic Co-operation.
With the recent advances in technology our world has become one interlinked group of nations. Curaçao, being a small part of our globe offers many opportunities for multinational investors. This guide was prepared to better acquaint potential investors with the business climate in Curaçao.
The report attempts to provide answers to a series of both positive and normative questions related to this fundamental concern. Specifically, we address a series of questions related to trade, natural resources, and growth in Chapters 2 to 4: Will LAC countries continue to specialize in commodities? Is their natural resource wealth their destiny? Can they build comparative advantages in technologically sophisticated economic activities related or unrelated to their natural resource wealth? Is their natural resource wealth a curse for development? Or, on the contrary, are natural resources assets for development? Is there or is there not an inescapable dilemma between the old economy based on natural resources and the new knowledge-intensive economy of the 21st century? Can natural resource-based activities be knowledge-intensive industries that lead development for a long time? In Chapter 5 we also address two questions related to trade and jobs: Are the new jobs emerging from free trade "poor-quality" jobs? Has free increased unemployment, informality, and wage inequality?
Policymakers need demographic statistics and other business indicators at detailed level, among others to understand the dynamics of SMEs and to monitor the performance and the competitiveness of the various sectors. At the same time the private sector needs statistics to take trade- and investment decisions and to monitor market developments. The lack of reliable statistical information to underpin policy preparation and to respond to the needs of the local private sector is an important constraint for the development of the domestic private sector. Also the informal economy to a large extent escapes the quantitative analyses and only relevant information from qualitative research can be obtained to complete the statistics. The objective of the seminar is, in cooperation with the institutes involved in the collection and dissemination of statistics (including GBS), to create the awareness between the private sector and the public sector for the use, the availability and the value of statistics for a sustainable development of Suriname.
The report on the Caribbean Export Working Group of ICT Experts is based on the meeting held at the Chambre De Commerce in Fort de France, Martinique on Monday, June 18, 2007, from 10:30 am – 7:00pm. Each participant was asked to provide a broad overview of the main characteristics of the sector in their respective states, including but not limited to the structure and organizational context, policy and related issues, opportunities and challenges in the sector. To focus the discussion on the export context, the consultant provided an overview of the global ICT sector and based on prior research identified the challenges in the region generally and as it relates to investment and export, specifically. Thereafter the discussions were focused to respond to the following key questions:
1. The level of interest in and common challenges to the export of ICTs; 2. Specific areas of collaboration; 3. Specific areas where technical interventions were likely to be most impactful; 4. Specific commitments and action items in taking the process forward.
To ensure the report had the benefit of the most relevant and current information on the state of the sector (including the most recent innovation initiatives) and to exploit further opportunities for networking with the region’s ICT experts, the consultant also attended the MadinTech Conference on behalf of Caribbean Export. Finally, other available studies and reports on the development of ICTs in the region were consulted to ensure the recommendations and proposed interventions had the benefit of the prevailing wisdom and were appropriately prioritized.
The information is reported as presented and in some instances the submissions do not represent a complete catalogue of the initiatives and movement in each issue area. However, the outcomes of the working group were not impacted to any great extent by these inconsistencies since the gaps, where relevant to the discussion on intervention strategies were either provided by the regional summary or by the participants in the discussion portion of the working group activities. Together these provide the context for the discussions in Martinique and the rationale for the outcomes from the session.
Access to Doing Business reports as well as subnational and regional reports, reform case studies and customized country and regional profiles. For additional inforwation visit http://www.doingbusiness.org/downloads.
This document provides an analysis and assessment of Special and Differential Treatment in CARICOM. It's obejectives are to: describe and analze the provisions for Special and Differential treatment in CARICOM; Establish their purpose and examine how these have been rendered operational in practice; Establish the effects and implications on sectors, firms, products receiving special and differential Treatment; Provide policy recommendations regarding Special and Differential Treatment. Special and differential treatment provisions were designed in principle to facilitate the accession and participation of the Less Developed Economies and in particular of the Organisation of the Eastern Caribbean States (OECS) in the CARICOM trade and integration regime.
This paper analyses the situation in each member state and in doing so highlights the gaps or requirements for e-business capacity development that need to be addressed at the national and regional level.
The WTO Agreement on TBT defines conformity assessment as any procedure used, directly or indirectly, to determine that relevant requirements in technical regulations or standards are fulfilled. Conformity assessment procedures include, inter alia, procedures for sampling, testing and inspection; evaluation, verification and assurance of conformity; registration, accreditation and approval as well as their combinations.
The purpose of this work is to analyze the negotiation agenda of the Free Trade Area of the Americas (FTAA), its participants¿ main interests and the main conflicts that might arise in the process. Hence, a revision of the core interests pursued by countries in each of the nine FTAA negotiating groups is made. Interests are classified into "defensive" and "offensive". The first, are those pursued by the status quo, generally associated with the protection of the domestic market, and the latter, respond to the objective of achieving free access to the markets of participating countries. Then, diverse factors characterizing the FTAA negotiation as a unique initiative, are examined, namely: (1) the ambitious negotiation agenda and the relatively short time for its accomplishment; (2) the high number of participating countries; (3) diversity in size and productive structure of participating countries; (4) the coincidence of FTAA negotiations, the Doha Round and trade agreements signed by a significant number of countries in the region; (5) the coexistence of the future hemispheric agreement with current trade and other agreements in the region; and (6) the USA political environment. - See more at: https://publications.iadb.org/handle/11319/2563#sthash.rt4fzzwd.dpuf.
The eighteen months from June 2001 to end December 2002 were a period of unprecedented economic crisis within MERCOSUR, stemming from the sharp external shock that, with different characteristics, origins, and consequences in each member country, manifested itself in the blocs two main economies as the exhaustion of market or voluntary credit. This phenomenon occurred in the context of a world economy with little momentum, one finding it highly difficult to recover the growth rate of the 1990s, and characterized, in particular, by limited flows of liquidity towards emerging markets. Unlike the traumatic events of recent years, this was not a case of mere contagion effect among neighboring and partner countries. - See more at: https://publications.iadb.org/handle/11319/2953#sthash.7tqO2KzF.dpuf.
Aid-for-trade programs can help strengthen low-income countries' supply capacity and knowledge of trade preferences, which will allow them to take fuller advantage of these preferences. Aid for trade to support preference reform can be divided into three categories: (i) creation of information-sharing mechanisms to ensure that governments, SMEs and other businesses are aware of the opportunities that preferential market access offers; (ii) capacity-building support to overcome supply-side and policy constraints; and (iii) support to ease the adjustments to preference erosion that will inevitably occur. As with other aid initiatives, coordination and cohesion among assistance programs is critical for success. Deliver mechanisms such as the Enhanced Integrated Framework (EIF), the Trade Facilitation Facility (TFF), and the Standards and Trade Development Facility (STDF), are aimed at facilitating such coordination, but more could be done. And, as preference programs are intended to be temporary, aid for trade can also facilitate graduation from these programs and compensate beneficiaries for preference erosion. Unfortunately, this are is still lacking the level of innovation and financial support needed.
The World Investment Report tackles the key challenges in international investment protection and promotion,including the right to regulate, investor-state dispute settlement, and investor responsibility. Furthermore, it examines the fiscal treatment of international investment, including contributions of multinational corporations in developing countries, fiscal leakage through tax avoidance, and the role of offshore investment links. The Report offers a menu of options for the reform of the international investment treaties regime, together with a roadmap to guide policymakers at the national, bilateral, regional and multilateral levels. It also proposes a set of principles and guidelines to ensure coherence between international tax and investment policies.
Agritrade aims to create and heighten awareness of the critical issues, deadlines and fora of discussions on agriculture and rural cooperation and provides information on developments pertinent to the ACP-EU negotiations and related developments in the WTO. For further information visit http://agritrade.cta.int/en/Back-issues/Agriculture-monthly-news-update/2010.
The purpose of this paper is to discuss and asses the challenges to CARICOM deriving from these various negotiating forums and processes for services4 in particular as it relates to CARICOM service exports in information and communications technology and to provide recommendations on how CARICOM as a region should approach impending negotiations.
The CARIFORUM and the EU business sectors established the CARIFORUM-EU Business Forum on November 26th, 2008 in Barbados. The Forum, which follows the signing of the Economic Partnership Agreement (EPA) in October 2008, will serve as the framework for public-private sector dialogue for fostering business between the two regions. The main objective of this Forum is to promote business among operators from both the Caribbean and the EU and to identify key sectors that will become the economic drivers to assist both regions - most particularly the Caribbean - in reaping the benefits of the EPA.
This hardbook provides an introduction to the trade in the EU, looking in turn at the EU and its constituents markets, products with potential, the practicabilities of an export enterprise and finally the regulations. Addresses, trade fairs and bibliography complete the appendices of the handbook. To read this handbook visit http://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/commonwealth/trade/guidelines-for-exporters-of-fruit-vegetables-to-the-european-markets_9781848597396-en.
This report was prepared by the CARICOM Secretariat, statistics sub-programme based on data submitted by Member States and Associate Members, from the United Nations Statistics Division (UNSD) and from other regional and national organisations. The publication focusses on twelve (12 themes which are: Population and Households, Tourism, Environmental Health, Natural Disasiers, Energy and Minerals, Land Use and Agriculture, Coastal and Marine Resources, Biodiversity, Forest, Air, Waste and Water.
This publication provided information on the Bermudian political and economic environment, trade regulations and standards and the investment climate. Also looks at trade and project financing, market research, trade events and leading sectors for U.S. export and investment.
The overall goal of the Caribbean Design Network/Onsite Caribbean Project is to increase the competitiveness of micro and small sized enterprises in the region through the development of export-ready craft collections and to launch and promote these collections in regional and international markets.
The report concludes that the architecture sector in the region seems appropriately set at the moment to play a pivotal role in the development of interaction between Europe and CARIFORUM. Initially, there appears to be need for some institutional support while the existing associations are strengthened. It is proposed that Caribbean Export be requested to carry out this function in the initial period. Thereafter, existing organizations can take responsibility for different aspects of the enterprise. Creating stronger linkages between firms and associations in the CARICOM with the Dominican Institutions and Firms is critical. Consideration might also be given to promoting exchanges at the educational level, particularly in areas related to continuous improvement and skills upgrading. This will necessitate collaboration between educational and professional associations within the partners to ensure certification of programmes and acceptance of newly-gained competencies. These increased contacts will hopefully lead to new business linkages and cooperation in seeking out new business opportunities in the Caribbean and with Europe.
Doing Business 2009 is the sixth in a series of annual reports investigating regulations that enhance business activity and those that constrain it. A set of regulations affecting 10 stages of a business's life are measured " starting a business, dealing with construction permits, employing workers, registering property, getting credit, protecting investors, paying taxes, trading across borders, enforcing contracts and closing a business. The indicators are used to analyze economic outcomes and identify what reforms have worked where and why. The following pages present the summary Doing Business indicators for Caribbean states (www.sidsnet.org).
This practical guide, published by UNESCO and the International Trade Centre, provides support, general information and advice, checklists and directories for artisans in numerous fields of activity. Participation in an international trade fair is widely regarded as a most efficient means of exposure to export markets: audience concentration, face-to-face communication, competition-watch and acquaintance with new business partners are major benefits for participants. Artisans in numerous fields of activity will find support, general information and advice, methodology guidelines, checklists and directories in this essential guide.
The purpose of this manual is to provide step‐by‐step guidelines for Caribbean artisans to understand some of the major points to be considered when attempting to export goods to overseas markets. Although it can be used as a guideline for entering almost any International market the markets considered in this document are primarily the US market and the UK market.
Study presenting a trade policy framework developed by ITC, providing the trade policy instruments that governments can use to support the competitiveness of fi rms at each stage of the supply chain – outlines how trade policy options can infl uence national export competitiveness; discusses in detail the trade policy instruments corresponding each of the following objectives: creating competitive infrastructure services; promoting exports and foreign investment; moving goods across borders effectively; addressing export market issues; and improving inputs and capital goods; considers how to tackle the overriding constraints faced by both public and private sectors, related to every stage of production and distribution of goods and services for export.
This annual report published by Caribbean Export is an effort to protect the Agency's activities in a format that is both user friendly and results-oriented. Its content is expected to provide the basis for strategic planning, resource mobilisation, monitoring and reporting in the future and represents Caribbean Export renewed commitment to transparentcy and informed corporate communication.
This website was created and maintained with the financial support of the European Union. Its contents are the sole responsibility of Caribbean Export and do not necessarily reflect the views of the European Union.
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